401k’s, deferred comps, ROTH IRA’s, Traditional IRA’s, what do they all mean?
A 401(k) is a deferred pay plan. In other words, the company you work for may offer to contribute to a trust account on your behalf as long as you forego a pay increase or defer some part of your salary. Your company can also choose to match a part of your contribution. The reduction in your salary is treated as your employers contribution and is not taxable as long as you do not exceed the annual limit.
A deferred compensation plan is a section 457 plan that can be set by a government entity or non profit. In this plan, employees agree to defer income and are not taxed until paid or until the income is made available and unlike other retirement plans it is generally not subject to the 10% early withdrawal penalty (there are occasions were exceptions apply, see your accountant for more information).
IRAs aka as Individual Retirement Account is a personal retirement savings plan and is available to people who have earned income in the tax year. IRAs come in different flavors: there are Traditional IRAs, ROTH IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs and SEPs. SIMPLE IRAs and SEPS are only available through your employer. A Traditional IRA is an IRA where contributions are deductible (subject to limitations) but distributions are taxable. A Roth IRA is an IRA where contributions are not deductible but distributions are not taxable either. ROTH IRA’s work best for people who foresee an increase in their tax bracket after retirement. A person who withdraws from an IRA before the age of 591/2 is subject to the early withdrawal penalty. If you make low to moderate income, you may be eligible for a tax credit computed on form 8880.
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